遠景イラストで見る遊撃丸　屋根を這う「金龍」

肥前名護屋城・聚楽第・広島城・清須城・小諸城・佐和山城・福山城 118件のコメント


遠景イラストで見る遊撃丸　屋根を這う「金龍」

じつは、肥前名護屋城の天守を山里丸の茶室あたりから見上げたら、どんな風に見えるかと思い、描き始めた広い画角のイラストがありまして、残念ながらリポートの完成には間に合わなかったものの、なんとかご覧いただける状態になりました。

で、今回はその遠景イラストの中心部分をお見せしながら、話題として ＜問題の遊撃丸の行幸御殿とは、どんな建物だった可能性があるのか？＞ という件を申し上げたいと思います。

ご覧の状態は、手前の竹林の下方（画の枠外）に上山里丸の奥の茶室が隠れている形でして、このような北東からの視点で眺めた場合、天守の左側に本丸、そして天守の右奥に遊撃丸の殿舎が見えたことになります。

どのように見えたかについての史料は、群馬本の肥前名護屋城図屏風では「遊撃曲輪」と表記された曲輪に、３～４棟の殿舎が “コの字形” に並んで描かれていて、「名博本」の方も似たような描写になっています。

当サイトのリポートでは、その殿舎群こそ、秀吉の大陸経略構想にあった後陽成天皇の北京行幸に備えた “行幸御殿” ではないのか？ と申し上げたわけですが、その具体像をさぐろうと、遊撃丸に酷似する曲輪（伝本丸）をもつ安土城を参考に考え始めますと、何故か、妙な迷路にはまってしまうのです…。
　
　
と申しますのは、安土城の「御幸の御間」を参考にしますと、私などは川本重雄先生の説に最も共鳴しておりますので、「御幸の御間」はあくまでも、形式上の行幸殿として殿舎内に設けられた「上々段」ということになります。

ところが「上々段」をもつ御殿は、どれも規模が大き過ぎるようなのです。

例えば有名な聚楽第の大広間ですと、伝世の絵図面を梁間１０間と読んだ場合、それを同縮尺で遊撃丸に当てはめますと…

これ一棟で曲輪が満杯状態に！（当図は右が南）

ご覧のとおり、とても３～４棟どころの状態ではありません。

そもそも聚楽第大広間は公式の対面用の御殿であって、本丸の中心を成すべき建物ですから、このような比較図はナンセンスと言えばナンセンスなのでしょう。

しかしこの他に「上々段」をもつ御殿と言えば、例えば建築書『匠明』の当代広間之図も同規模ですし、仙台城の大広間となれば、もはや遊撃丸には納まらない規模に達します。

逆に、規模の点では合格ラインに入る（上々段をもつ）寺院の書院建築のどれかを、この遊撃丸に想定するわけにも行かず、はたと思考が止まってしまうのです。

そこで、ひとまず「上々段」の件を忘れて、屏風絵の３～４棟という描写に矛盾しない建物は何か？ という風に方向を変えますと、まさに聚楽第の行幸において、後陽成天皇を迎えた「儲の御所（もうけのごしょ）」が思い当たるわけです。
　
　
儲の御所とは、儲け（設け）の御殿ということで、この時のためだけに造営された御成り御殿、という意味らしく、『聚楽行幸記』はこの建物について、

儲の御所は檜皮葺なり。御はしの間に御輿よせあり。庭上に舞台、左右の楽屋をたてらる。

という説明があって、正面中央で天皇が鳳輦（ほうれん）に直接乗り降りできた建物ということは分かるものの、規模を示した記述は特にありません。

―――ですが、かつて櫻井成廣先生が、聚楽第や伏見城にまつわる移築伝承のある正伝寺（京都西賀茂）の方丈を参考例に挙げて、こんな推定を行いました。

（櫻井成廣『豊臣秀吉の居城 聚楽第／伏見城編』１９７１年より）

聚楽第行幸は凡てを北山、室町両第行幸の規式に拠ったのであるが、『北山殿行幸記』に「儲（もうけの）御所御装束ノ儀。寝殿南面七間」とある様に此の正伝寺方丈も身舎の桁行七間である。
　
　
正伝寺方丈は桁行７間、梁間６間という（奇しくも「主殿」建築なみの）手頃なサイズで、これと同等ならば他に２～３棟の殿舎（左右の楽屋と舞台？）を併設しても、じゅうぶんに遊撃丸に納まるでしょう。

３～４棟が “コの字形” に配置可能！

（※方丈の見やすい写真→サイト「百寺巡礼・名庭散策」様）

そこでひょっとすると、遊撃丸には、儲の御所とそっくり同じものが造営された、という考え方もありうるのではないでしょうか。

その理由は、朝鮮出兵を開始した天正２０年（文禄元年）の正月に、二度目の聚楽第行幸があったばかりで、一度目の行幸時に聚楽第で居並んだ（名護屋在陣の）諸大名にとっては、もしも遊撃丸に、儲の御所とそっくり同じものが建った――― となれば、これほど分かりやすい “目印” は無かったようにも思われるからです。

それは、殿舎内の上々段よりも、政治的ポーズの効果ははるかに大きかったかもしれません。

狩野博幸『秀吉の御所参内・聚楽第行幸図屏風』２０１０年

さて、「儲の御所」と言えば、近年発見された屏風絵で、その屋根上に巨大な「金龍」の置物が据えられた描写が話題になりました。

（上記書の解説文より）

この屏風で最も注目すべき描写のひとつがこの場面で、これまでに確認されている聚楽第を描いた作品にまったく登場していなかったのが、「儲の御所」の屋根のてっぺんにまします龍の姿である。
『聚楽第行幸記』に「玉虎風にうそぶき、金龍雲に吟ず」とあるのは、「玉虎」がしゃちほこを意味するとは思えても、「金龍」に格別の意味があるとは思えず、いわゆる言葉の綾と考えられてきた。
「儲の御所」の屋根の上には龍の巨大な置物が這っていたのだ。
　
　
こうなると、ひょっとして、肥前名護屋城でも似たような金龍が屋根上を這い回っていたのかも… と思い立ち、ご覧のとおりに描き込んでみた次第です。ちょっと遠景のままで恐縮ですが…

（※次回に続く）

※ぜひ皆様の応援を。下のバナーに投票（クリック）をお願いします。
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※本日もご覧いただき、ありがとう御座いました。

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